Compound Reference: PED Guide for Bodybuilders

Long-ester testosterone. Most common injectable AAS. Used for TRT and cycles.

Effects: Elevates testosterone, estradiol (via aromatization), suppresses LH/FSH, increases haemoglobin/haematocrit, worsens lipids (moderate), can elevate liver enzymes slightly

Long-ester testosterone. Similar to enanthate. Common in US TRT protocols.

Effects: Same as Testosterone Enanthate - elevates testosterone, estradiol, suppresses HPTA, increases RBC, worsens lipids

Short-ester testosterone. Faster acting, more frequent injections needed.

Effects: Same effects as other testosterone esters but faster onset and clearance. More stable estradiol levels with EOD injection.

Ultra-long-ester testosterone. Used for TRT with infrequent injections (every 10-14 weeks). Brand names: Nebido, Aveed.

Effects: Same as other testosterone esters: elevates testosterone, estradiol (via aromatization), suppresses LH/FSH, increases haemoglobin/haematocrit, worsens lipids (moderate)

Long-ester 19-nor compound. Popular for mass and joint relief. Deca-Durabolin.

Effects: Suppresses HPTA strongly, can elevate prolactin significantly, generally gentler on lipids than most AAS, beneficial for joints, may remain detectable in blood tests for months after cessation

Short-ester 19-nor compound. NPP - faster acting than Deca.

Effects: Same as Nandrolone Decanoate but faster onset/clearance. Easier to manage prolactin-related sides.

Powerful 19-nor compound. Highly androgenic and anabolic. Short ester.

Effects: Severely worsens lipids (especially HDL), can elevate prolactin, may affect thyroid function, increases haematocrit, can elevate liver enzymes, does not aromatize but has progestogenic activity

Long-ester trenbolone. Same compound, less frequent injections.

Effects: Same as Trenbolone Acetate. Longer ester means sides take longer to resolve if issues arise.

Equipoise (EQ). Very long ester. Known for endurance and lean mass.

Effects: Significant increase in haematocrit/haemoglobin (more than most AAS), moderate lipid impact, can lower estradiol in some individuals (acts as mild AI), long detection time

Anavar. Mild 17α-alkylated DHT derivative. Popular for cutting cycles with relatively low liver stress compared to other orals.

Effects: Significantly lowers SHBG, mild liver stress (17-alpha alkylated but less hepatotoxic than others), worsens lipids (especially HDL suppression), can elevate LDL

Winstrol. 17α-alkylated DHT derivative. Available as oral or water-based injectable.

Effects: Severely impacts lipids (HDL suppression), significant liver stress (oral form), dramatically lowers SHBG, can worsen joint health, elevates liver enzymes

Dianabol. Classic oral mass builder. 17-alpha alkylated.

Effects: Significant liver stress, elevates ALT/AST/GGT, worsens lipids, strong aromatization (high estradiol), water retention, suppresses HPTA

Anadrol. Powerful oral mass builder. 17-alpha alkylated.

Effects: Severe liver stress (highest hepatotoxicity of common orals), dramatically worsens lipids, increases haematocrit significantly, can cause estrogen-like sides despite not aromatizing

DHT derivative. Anti-estrogenic properties. Popular for cutting.

Effects: Can mask elevated estradiol (anti-estrogenic at receptor), moderate lipid impact, may elevate PSA, does not aromatize, moderate HPTA suppression

Mild DHT derivative. Injectable (enanthate) or oral (acetate, 17α-alkylated). Considered one of the safest AAS.

Effects: Mild lipid impact (less than most AAS), minimal liver stress (injectable), does not aromatize, moderate HPTA suppression. Oral form is 17-alpha alkylated with mild liver stress.

Testosterone blend of 4 esters (propionate, phenylpropionate, isocaproate, decanoate). Designed for less frequent injection with multi-phase release.

Effects: Same effects as other testosterone esters — elevates testosterone, estradiol (via aromatization), suppresses LH/FSH, increases haemoglobin/haematocrit, worsens lipids. Mixed esters cause more hormonal fluctuation than single esters.

7-alpha-methyl-19-nortestosterone. Extremely potent 19-nor AAS. Can replace testosterone as a cycle base. Available as acetate ester.

Effects: Very strong HPTA suppression, aromatises to 7-alpha-methyl-estradiol (not detected on standard E2 assays — use sensitive LC-MS/MS), significant lipid impact, may elevate prolactin (19-nor derivative), does not convert to DHT, highly anabolic

Chlorodehydromethyltestosterone (Tbol). Mild oral AAS. 17-alpha alkylated. Originally developed in East Germany for Olympic athletes.

Effects: Moderate liver stress (17-alpha alkylated but milder than Dianabol), worsens lipids (lowers HDL, raises LDL), lowers SHBG, does not aromatise, moderate HPTA suppression

DHT derivative oral AAS. Weak anabolic, strong androgen. Used as an anti-estrogen adjunct and SHBG reducer to increase free testosterone.

Effects: Dramatically lowers SHBG (increases free testosterone), mild anti-estrogenic effect, does not significantly suppress HPTA at low doses, minimal liver stress (not C17-alpha alkylated in the traditional sense), can worsen lipids moderately, may increase DHT-related sides (hair loss, prostate)

Extremely potent oral AAS. 17-alpha alkylated. Used for strength and aggression in powerlifting and pre-contest hardening. Not a mass builder.

Effects: Severe liver stress (one of the most hepatotoxic common orals), significantly elevates ALT/AST/GGT, dramatically worsens lipids, does not aromatise, strong HPTA suppression, can elevate haematocrit, increases aggression

Potent oral AAS. 17-alpha alkylated. Known for rapid dry mass gains. One of the most liver-toxic oral AAS available.

Effects: Severe liver stress (can cause cholestasis), dramatically worsens lipids, significantly elevates ALT/AST, does not aromatise, very strong HPTA suppression, causes lethargy from liver stress at higher doses

Arimidex. Aromatase inhibitor. Blocks estrogen conversion.

Effects: Lowers estradiol, can worsen lipids (estrogen is cardioprotective), may reduce IGF-1, can cause joint pain and mood issues if estradiol crashes too low

Aromasin. Suicidal aromatase inhibitor. Irreversibly binds aromatase enzyme.

Effects: Lowers estradiol (suicidal inhibitor so no rebound), slightly less lipid impact than anastrozole, may have mild androgenic activity

Femara. Most potent aromatase inhibitor. Reduces estrogen by up to 98%. Used for extreme estrogen control or gyno reversal attempts.

Effects: Dramatically lowers estradiol (can crash E2), significantly worsens lipids (estrogen is cardioprotective), can cause joint pain, fatigue, and mood issues from suppressed E2, may reduce IGF-1, can lower bone mineral density with prolonged use

Nolvadex. Selective estrogen receptor modulator. Used for PCT and gyno prevention.

Effects: Blocks estrogen at breast tissue (gyno prevention), actually raises estradiol levels, stimulates LH/FSH production (PCT), beneficial for lipids, can increase SHBG

Clomid. SERM used for PCT to restore natural testosterone production.

Effects: Stimulates LH/FSH (HPTA recovery), raises testosterone, can cause mood/vision sides at high doses, raises estradiol

Evista. Second-generation SERM. Preferred over Tamoxifen for gynecomastia treatment and reversal due to stronger breast tissue selectivity.

Effects: Blocks estrogen at breast tissue (more effective for existing gyno than Tamoxifen), weaker LH/FSH stimulation than Tamoxifen (less useful for PCT), beneficial for lipids, positive effect on bone density, does not raise SHBG as significantly as Tamoxifen

Trans-isomer of Clomiphene. Stimulates LH/FSH for HPTA recovery without the estrogenic side effects of zuclomiphene (the cis-isomer).

Effects: Stimulates LH/FSH (HPTA recovery), raises endogenous testosterone, significantly fewer estrogen-related side effects than Clomiphene (no vision disturbances, less mood impact), does not significantly worsen lipids

Ostarine (MK-2866, enobosarm) is the most studied SARM with Phase II and III clinical trial data in cancer cachexia and muscle wasting. It is the most common entry-point SARM in the bodybuilding community due to its relatively mild side-effect profile compared to other SARMs.

Effects: Dose-dependent suppression of total testosterone and SHBG, HDL reduction, mild-moderate elevation of liver enzymes (rare DILI case reports), mild water retention, increased lean mass and strength relative to baseline

LGD-4033 (ligandrol) is a non-steroidal SARM developed by Ligand Pharmaceuticals for muscle wasting and osteoporosis. It has the highest number of published drug-induced liver injury (DILI) case reports of any SARM and produces significant HPTA suppression even at low doses.

Effects: Significant dose-dependent suppression of total testosterone, SHBG, and HDL, elevated liver enzymes with potential for cholestatic DILI, increased lean mass, moderate water retention

RAD-140 (testolone) is a non-steroidal SARM originally developed by Radius Health for breast cancer and muscle wasting. It carries the highest hepatotoxicity risk per published case report of any SARM, with a steroidal-like pattern of liver injury, and produces severe HPTA suppression.

Effects: Severe suppression of total testosterone, SHBG, LH, and FSH; significant HDL reduction; high risk of cholestatic drug-induced liver injury with elevated ALT, AST, ALP, and bilirubin; increased lean mass and strength

S-23 is a non-steroidal SARM with no human clinical trial data. It is the most potently suppressive SARM currently known, studied in animal models as a male hormonal contraceptive. All available human use data is anecdotal. It is considered completely experimental in humans.

Effects: Near-complete suppression of testosterone, LH, and FSH (castrate-level suppression in animal models), hardening and drying effect on body composition, unknown hepatotoxicity profile in humans, unknown long-term safety profile

YK-11 is a synthetic steroidal compound (a norpregnadiene derivative) that acts as a partial androgen receptor agonist and myostatin inhibitor via follistatin upregulation. It is not structurally a classic non-steroidal SARM. No human clinical trials exist. It is entirely experimental.

Effects: Unknown HPTA suppression in humans (likely significant given steroidal backbone), likely hepatotoxic due to steroidal and potentially methylated structure, myostatin inhibition via follistatin upregulation in vitro, increased lean mass (anecdotal)

Andarine (S-4) is one of the earlier non-steroidal SARMs developed by GTx Inc. It is known for a unique and dose-dependent visual side effect: yellow-tinted vision and difficulty adjusting to darkness, caused by binding to androgen receptors in the retina. This side effect is reversible on cessation.

Effects: Mild-moderate suppression of testosterone and SHBG, HDL reduction, mild elevation of liver enzymes, dose-dependent reversible yellow-tinted vision and impaired dark adaptation

Cardarine (GW-501516) is a PPARdelta (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta) agonist, not a SARM. It does not bind androgen receptors and has no HPTA-suppressive activity. It is grouped with SARMs in the bodybuilding community due to co-administration and similar market positioning. Clinical development was abandoned after multi-organ tumour formation in rodent studies.

Effects: No testosterone suppression (non-androgenic mechanism), improved HDL, reduced triglycerides and LDL, enhanced fatty acid oxidation and endurance, improved insulin sensitivity, theoretical cancer risk extrapolated from rodent carcinogenicity data

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin. Mimics LH to maintain testicular function.

Effects: Stimulates testosterone production (mimics LH), prevents testicular atrophy on cycle, can elevate estradiol, does not restore pituitary function

Body Protection Compound-157. Synthetic pentadecapeptide derived from human gastric juice. Used for healing tendons, ligaments, muscle injuries, and gut repair.

Effects: No significant direct impact on standard blood markers. May support liver healing (limited evidence of normalising liver enzymes in damaged tissue). Does not affect hormones, lipids, or haematology. Research primarily from animal studies.

Synthetic fragment of Thymosin Beta-4. Used for tissue repair, wound healing, reducing inflammation, and promoting flexibility.

Effects: No significant direct impact on standard blood markers. May reduce inflammatory markers (CRP, ESR) through anti-inflammatory activity. Does not affect hormones, lipids, or haematology. Limited human data.

Synthetic GHRH (Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone) analog. FDA-approved for HIV-associated lipodystrophy. Used in bodybuilding for GH release and visceral fat reduction.

Effects: Increases GH and IGF-1 levels, may elevate fasting glucose mildly (less than exogenous GH), can improve lipid profile (reduces triglycerides), reduces visceral adipose tissue, may mildly affect thyroid function (monitor TSH/FT4)

Synthetic GHRH analog with Drug Affinity Complex for extended half-life. Provides sustained GH elevation. Often combined with Ipamorelin.

Effects: Elevates GH and IGF-1 levels (sustained release), may mildly elevate fasting glucose, can cause water retention and numbness/tingling, less cortisol/prolactin impact than GHRP-6. Generally well tolerated on blood markers.

Selective growth hormone secretagogue peptide (GHRP). Cleanest GHRP with minimal cortisol and prolactin release. Often stacked with CJC-1295 or mod-GRF.

Effects: Increases GH and IGF-1 levels, does not significantly raise cortisol or prolactin (unlike GHRP-2/6), minimal impact on appetite (unlike GHRP-6 and MK-677), may mildly elevate fasting glucose with prolonged use

Long-acting Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 analog. Extended half-life vs native IGF-1. Used for muscle growth, recovery, and hyperplasia.

Effects: Can cause hypoglycaemia (insulin-like effects on glucose uptake), significantly elevates IGF-1 levels, may worsen insulin sensitivity with prolonged use, can promote gut growth at high doses, does not directly affect liver enzymes or lipids

Synthetic melanocortin receptor agonist. Used for skin tanning, libido enhancement, and appetite suppression. Also improves erectile function.

Effects: No significant impact on standard blood markers. Does not affect hormones, lipids, or haematology. Can cause nausea, facial flushing, and increased mole pigmentation. Primarily acts on melanocortin receptors in skin and brain.

Synthetic GnRH (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone). Used to maintain LH/FSH production and testicular function during AAS cycles. Alternative to HCG.

Effects: Stimulates endogenous LH and FSH release from the pituitary (unlike HCG which mimics LH directly), helps maintain testicular function on cycle, may partially preserve intratesticular testosterone, less estradiol elevation compared to HCG

Human Menopausal Gonadotropin. Contains both FSH and LH activity. Used for fertility restoration post-AAS, more effective than HCG alone for spermatogenesis.

Effects: Directly stimulates FSH and LH receptors, promotes spermatogenesis (FSH component) and testosterone production (LH component), more effective than HCG alone for fertility recovery, can elevate estradiol

Growth Hormone Releasing Peptide-2. Synthetic hexapeptide GH secretagogue. Potent GH release with moderate appetite and cortisol/prolactin increase.

Effects: Elevates GH and IGF-1 levels, moderate increase in cortisol and prolactin post-injection (more than Ipamorelin, less than GHRP-6), mild appetite stimulation, may mildly elevate fasting glucose with prolonged use

Growth Hormone Releasing Peptide-6. Synthetic hexapeptide GH secretagogue. Strong GH release with pronounced appetite stimulation. Popular for bulking phases.

Effects: Elevates GH and IGF-1 levels, significant appetite stimulation (ghrelin mimetic), transient cortisol and ACTH elevation post-injection, may mildly elevate prolactin, can elevate fasting glucose with prolonged use

Synthetic GHRH analog (GRF 1-29). Stimulates natural pulsatile GH release from the pituitary. Originally FDA-approved for paediatric GH deficiency. Used off-label for anti-aging and body composition.

Effects: Increases pulsatile GH and IGF-1 levels, may mildly elevate fasting glucose (less than exogenous GH), can cause subclinical hypothyroidism in ~6.5% of users (monitor TSH/FT4), generally well tolerated on blood markers

Modified GRF(1-29). Short-acting GHRH analog with four amino acid substitutions for stability. Provides pulsatile GH release. Often combined with Ipamorelin.

Effects: Elevates GH and IGF-1 through pulsatile release (more physiological than DAC version), minimal impact on cortisol or prolactin, may mildly elevate fasting glucose with prolonged use, generally well tolerated on blood markers

Mechano Growth Factor. Splice variant of IGF-1 (IGF-1Ec) produced in response to mechanical stress. Activates satellite cells for localised muscle repair and growth.

Effects: No significant direct impact on standard blood markers. Does not elevate systemic IGF-1 significantly at typical doses. Does not affect hormones, lipids, or haematology. Primarily acts locally at injection site. Limited human data.

Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine copper complex. Naturally occurring copper peptide. Stimulates collagen synthesis, wound healing, hair growth, and tissue remodelling.

Effects: No significant impact on standard blood markers. May mildly modulate inflammatory markers (preclinical evidence of reducing IL-6, TNF-alpha). Does not affect hormones, lipids, haematology, or liver enzymes. Primarily acts locally on tissue remodelling.

Lysine-Proline-Valine. Anti-inflammatory tripeptide derived from alpha-MSH. Potent NF-kB inhibitor. Used for gut inflammation (IBD), skin conditions, and systemic inflammation.

Effects: May reduce inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, TNF-alpha) through NF-kB pathway inhibition. No significant direct impact on hormones, lipids, liver enzymes, or haematology. No melanotropic (tanning) effects despite alpha-MSH origin.

Human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide. 37-amino acid cationic peptide with broad-spectrum antimicrobial and immune-modulating properties. Used for infections, biofilm disruption, and wound healing.

Effects: May reduce inflammatory markers and WBC if used for active infection. May modulate CRP. No direct effect on hormones, lipids, or liver enzymes. Primarily acts on innate immune system and microbial membranes.

28-amino acid peptide from the thymus gland. Broad immunomodulator. Enhances T-cell function, NK cell activity, and dendritic cell maturation. FDA-orphan drug status.

Effects: May improve immune cell counts (lymphocytes, NK cells) on CBC. May modulate inflammatory markers (CRP). No significant direct effect on hormones, lipids, or liver enzymes. Enhances immune surveillance without immunosuppression.

Synthetic melanocortin receptor agonist (MC3R/MC4R). FDA-approved as Vyleesi. Enhances sexual desire and function centrally via dopamine pathways. Derivative of Melanotan II.

Effects: May cause transient blood pressure elevation post-injection. No significant impact on hormones, lipids, liver enzymes, or haematology. Does not directly affect testosterone or estradiol. Can cause nausea (~40%), flushing, and mild skin hyperpigmentation with repeated use.

Neuroendocrine peptide that stimulates GnRH release. Upstream regulator of the entire HPTA axis. Used for fertility support and HPTA recovery. Alternative to Gonadorelin and HCG.

Effects: Stimulates pulsatile GnRH → LH/FSH release → testosterone and estradiol production. May raise LH, FSH, testosterone. Does not directly affect liver enzymes or lipids. Acts upstream of Gonadorelin in the HPTA cascade.

Nonapeptide first isolated from rabbit brain. Promotes delta-wave (deep) sleep without sedation. May modulate the HPA axis for stress protection.

Effects: May modulate cortisol levels (stress-protective HPA axis effects). Does not significantly affect hormones, lipids, liver enzymes, or haematology at standard doses. No pharmacological tolerance reported with continued use.

Synthetic heptapeptide derived from ACTH(4-10). Nootropic and neuroprotective. Elevates BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor). Approved in Russia for cognitive disorders and stroke recovery.

Effects: May cause slight blood pressure fluctuations. May mildly modulate cortisol (ACTH-derived but minimal HPA effect at standard doses). No significant impact on standard blood markers, hormones, lipids, or haematology.

Synthetic heptapeptide analog of tuftsin. Anxiolytic and nootropic without sedation. Approved in Russia for anxiety and neurasthenia. Does not cause dependence.

Effects: No significant impact on standard blood markers. May mildly modulate immune markers (tuftsin-derived — immunomodulatory properties). No effect on hormones, lipids, liver enzymes, or haematology. No sedation or cognitive impairment.

Synthetic HGH fragment (amino acids 176-191) with a tyrosine addition. Promotes fat loss without the metabolic side effects of full-length GH. Does not elevate IGF-1.

Effects: Does not elevate IGF-1 or impair glucose tolerance (unlike full-length GH). Does not affect hormones, liver enzymes, or haematology. May preferentially reduce visceral/abdominal fat. Placebo-like safety profile in clinical trials.

Synthetic tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) based on epithalamin from the pineal gland. Activates telomerase. Stimulates melatonin production. Used for anti-aging and longevity.

Effects: May normalise melatonin and cortisol circadian rhythms. No significant direct impact on standard blood markers, hormones, lipids, or liver enzymes. Animal studies show reduced tumour incidence and improved cardiovascular markers over long-term use.

Mitochondrial-derived peptide. 16-amino acid exercise mimetic. Activates AMPK to improve insulin sensitivity, fat oxidation, and exercise capacity. Emerging longevity peptide.

Effects: May improve fasting glucose and insulin sensitivity (AMPK activation). May reduce visceral fat. May improve lipid profile through enhanced fat oxidation. May reduce liver fat (preclinical). No direct impact on hormones or haematology. No completed human clinical trials.

Mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide. Binds cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane to optimise electron transport, reduce ROS, and enhance ATP production. FDA-approved for Barth syndrome.

Effects: May improve markers of mitochondrial function and exercise capacity. No significant direct impact on standard blood markers, hormones, lipids, or liver enzymes. May reduce oxidative stress markers. Injection site reactions common (~80% in trials).

Essential coenzyme for cellular energy production and DNA repair. Not a peptide but commonly available as injectable. Levels decline with age. Central to sirtuin activation and mitochondrial function.

Effects: May improve markers of metabolic health: fasting glucose, insulin sensitivity. May modulate inflammatory markers. No direct impact on hormones, lipids, or haematology at standard doses. IV infusions may cause flushing, nausea, chest tightness during administration.

HGH/Somatropin. Used for recovery, body composition, and anti-aging.

Effects: Can elevate fasting glucose and HbA1c (insulin resistance), may improve T4-to-T3 conversion, increases IGF-1, can cause water retention, may worsen triglycerides

Oral non-peptide GH secretagogue. Mimics ghrelin to stimulate GH release. Long half-life allows once-daily oral dosing. Not a SARM despite common miscategorisation.

Effects: Elevates GH and IGF-1 levels (sustained), can elevate fasting glucose and worsen insulin sensitivity (significant concern), increases appetite markedly, may cause water retention, can elevate prolactin mildly, may worsen lipids through insulin resistance

GLP-1 receptor agonist. Ozempic (injection) / Wegovy (weight loss) / Rybelsus (oral). Used in bodybuilding for appetite suppression and fat loss during cutting phases.

Effects: May mildly affect liver enzymes (typically improvement with fat loss), significant appetite suppression, improves fasting glucose and HbA1c, improves lipid profile (lower triglycerides, LDL), can cause mild elevations in amylase/lipase (monitor for pancreatitis), reduces CRP (anti-inflammatory)

Dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist. Mounjaro / Zepbound. More potent fat loss than Semaglutide in clinical trials. Increasingly popular in bodybuilding for cutting.

Effects: Significant appetite suppression, improves fasting glucose and HbA1c (more potently than Semaglutide), improves lipid profile, may mildly affect liver enzymes (typically improvement), can elevate amylase/lipase, reduces CRP and inflammatory markers

Triple agonist: GIP/GLP-1/Glucagon receptor agonist. Eli Lilly. Most potent weight loss peptide in clinical trials. Phase 3 trials ongoing.

Effects: Profound appetite suppression, improves fasting glucose and HbA1c, may improve lipid profile more than dual agonists (glucagon component increases energy expenditure), can elevate amylase/lipase, increased heart rate reported, may affect liver enzymes

Long-acting acylated amylin analog. Once-weekly injection. Promotes satiety, slows gastric emptying. Combined with Semaglutide as CagriSema for enhanced weight loss.

Effects: Significant appetite suppression, may improve fasting glucose and HbA1c (amylin reduces glucagon secretion), does not directly affect lipids or liver enzymes, GI side effects (nausea, vomiting) during titration are common

Exogenous insulin (Humalog/NovoRapid rapid-acting, Humulin-R regular, Lantus long-acting). The most anabolic hormone. Used in advanced bodybuilding for nutrient partitioning and muscle growth.

Effects: Dramatically lowers blood glucose (hypoglycaemia risk — potentially fatal), suppresses endogenous insulin production temporarily, can worsen insulin sensitivity with chronic use, may affect HbA1c readings, promotes lipogenesis if calories are excessive, no direct effect on liver enzymes or hormones

PDE5 inhibitor. Used for erectile dysfunction and blood pressure management. Low-dose daily use popular in bodybuilding for pumps and cardiovascular benefits.

Effects: Lowers blood pressure (mild), improves endothelial function, no significant impact on hormones or liver enzymes, does not affect lipids, can mildly lower haematocrit through improved blood flow. Generally blood-marker neutral.

Biguanide oral anti-diabetic. Used in bodybuilding to manage insulin sensitivity, especially alongside GH and MK-677. Also studied for longevity benefits.

Effects: Lowers fasting glucose and HbA1c, improves insulin sensitivity, can mildly lower LDL and triglycerides, may reduce B12 levels with long-term use, does not affect liver enzymes (may actually improve them), does not affect hormones

Amino acid derivative involved in fatty acid transport into mitochondria. Injectable form used in bodybuilding for fat metabolism, androgen receptor upregulation, and fertility support. Also available orally but with poor bioavailability.

Effects: Enhances fatty acid oxidation, may upregulate androgen receptor density, improves sperm quality and motility, supports insulin sensitivity, no significant impact on standard blood panels, mild injection site irritation possible

Small-molecule NNMT inhibitor. Blocks nicotinamide N-methyltransferase to boost NAD+ levels and activate SIRT1. Used for fat loss and metabolic support. Not a peptide but commonly grouped with them.

Effects: May improve metabolic markers: preserve NAD+ levels, enhance fat oxidation. May mildly affect lipids (improved profile through metabolic activation). No significant direct impact on hormones, liver enzymes, or haematology in limited data.

Puregon (follitropin beta) is a recombinant FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) produced in CHO cells. Used in males to restore spermatogenesis after AAS-induced azoospermia or in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Always used alongside HCG (which provides LH activity).

Effects: Directly elevates serum FSH (exogenous), stimulates Sertoli cells to support spermatogenesis, increases inhibin B and AMH, may slightly increase estradiol. Does NOT directly affect testosterone (FSH acts on Sertoli cells, not Leydig cells). When combined with HCG, restores full spermatogenesis.

Dopamine agonist. Used to control prolactin on 19-nor cycles.

Effects: Lowers prolactin, powerful dopamine agonist. Used alongside Nandrolone/Trenbolone to prevent prolactin-related sides.

Synthetic thyroid hormone T3. Used in contest prep for metabolic boost.

Effects: Suppresses TSH, reduces T4 production, increases metabolic rate, can be catabolic without AAS, takes weeks for thyroid function to recover after cessation

Beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a bronchodilator and thermogenic fat-loss agent. Not an anabolic steroid. Widely used in contest prep and cutting phases for its metabolic and anti-catabolic effects.

Effects: Increases metabolic rate and core temperature, stimulates lipolysis, mild anti-catabolic effect, elevates heart rate and blood pressure, can cause electrolyte imbalances (taurine/potassium depletion), may worsen cardiac hypertrophy with chronic use