Alanine Aminotransferase

Liver Function marker

ALT

Alanine Aminotransferase

Category: Liver Function
Unit: U/L

Enzyme primarily found in the liver. Elevated levels indicate liver cell damage.

PED Notes

Oral AAS (especially 17-alpha alkylated compounds like Dianabol, Anadrol, Winstrol) significantly elevate ALT. Intense weight training can also cause mild elevation. Values 2-3x upper limit common on orals. Values up to ~100 U/L on oral AAS are common but should not be ignored long-term.

Supplements:

  • NAC -- 600-1200mg/day (empty stomach), glutathione support
  • TUDCA -- 500-1000mg/day (with meals), bile flow and hepatoprotection
  • Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) -- 300-600mg/day

Lifestyle:

  • Reduce or eliminate oral steroids if persistently elevated
  • Avoid alcohol and hepatotoxic medications

References:

  • Mokhtari, V., Afsharian, P., Shahhoseini, M., Kalantar, S. M., & Moini, A. (2017). A review on various uses of N-acetyl cysteine. Cell Journal, 19(1), 11-17. DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2016.4872
  • Paumgartner, G., & Beuers, U. (2002). Ursodeoxycholic acid in cholestatic liver disease: Mechanisms of action and therapeutic use revisited. Hepatology, 36(3), 525-531. DOI: 10.1053/jhep.2002.36088
  • Cabrera, D., Arab, J. P., & Arrese, M. (2019). UDCA, NorUDCA, and TUDCA in liver diseases: A review of their mechanisms of action and clinical applications. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, 256, 237-264. DOI: 10.1007/164_2019_241
  • Shay, K. P., Moreau, R. F., Smith, E. J., Smith, A. R., & Hagen, T. M. (2009). Alpha-lipoic acid as a dietary supplement: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1790(10), 1149-1160. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2009.07.026
  • Solimini, R., Rotolo, M. C., Mastrobattista, L., Mortali, C., Minutillo, A., Pichini, S., Pacifici, R., & Palmi, I. (2017). Hepatotoxicity associated with illicit use of anabolic androgenic steroids in doping. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 21(1 Suppl), 7-16. PubMed: 28379599

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Frequently Asked Questions

Reference Ranges

Standard Range

0 - 40 U/L

VitalMetrics Range

0 - 55 U/L

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