Anti-Mullerian Hormone
Fertility marker
AMH
Anti-Mullerian Hormone
A hormone produced by the granulosa cells of ovarian follicles in women and by the Sertoli cells of the testes in men. In women it is the standard marker of ovarian reserve (the remaining egg supply), and in men it reflects Sertoli-cell mass and testicular function. Levels are relatively stable across the menstrual cycle, which makes AMH a convenient single-draw test.
PED Notes
In men, AMH is a marker of Sertoli-cell function and sits alongside inhibin B and FSH in a fertility workup. Unlike the female picture, adult male AMH is inversely related to intratesticular testosterone: it is high before puberty and is suppressed by the high intratesticular testosterone that normal (or AAS-driven) androgen exposure produces. Because AAS shut down the gonadotropin signals that maintain Sertoli-cell activity and spermatogenesis, a fertility panel in a suppressed athlete is better anchored on inhibin B, FSH, and a semen analysis; AMH is supportive rather than the primary readout in men. For any female users, AMH is the single most useful test of ovarian reserve, important context for those planning fertility while using compounds that disrupt the cycle. Interpret female AMH strictly against age-specific ranges.
When high
When high:
- In women, a high AMH (often >4-5 ng/mL) can indicate a large antral follicle pool and is commonly seen in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS); interpret alongside cycle history, androgens, and a pelvic ultrasound
- In men, AMH is not usually flagged as a high-value problem; a relatively high level simply reflects Sertoli-cell mass and low androgen exposure and is not treated in isolation
- No supplement or drug is used to lower AMH; management targets the underlying condition (for example PCOS) rather than the number itself
When low
When low (reduced ovarian reserve in women, or reduced Sertoli-cell function in men):
Context: In women, low AMH signals diminished ovarian reserve and declines naturally with age; it predicts response to fertility treatment but does not by itself diagnose infertility. In men, a low AMH alongside low inhibin B and raised FSH points to impaired Sertoli-cell function.
Fertility support (physician-supervised):
- Time off cycle and restoration of the HPG axis are the foundation for AAS-suppressed men; recovery of spermatogenesis is tracked better by inhibin B, FSH, and semen analysis than by AMH
- hCG plus FSH (or hMG) may be used to stimulate testicular function in hypogonadotropic men under a fertility specialist
- SERMs (clomiphene, tamoxifen) raise endogenous gonadotropins during a restart
- Women with a low AMH who want to conceive should be referred early to a fertility specialist, since ovarian reserve declines over time
Supplements (adjuncts, modest evidence):
- Vitamin D3 -- correct a deficiency; associated with ovarian and testicular function
- CoQ10 -- 200-300mg/day (studied for oocyte and sperm quality)
- Consult a fertility specialist before pharmacological intervention, especially if conception is the goal
History Chart
Reading History
Frequently Asked Questions
Reference Ranges
Standard Range
VitalMetrics Range